Topley’s Top 10 – September 25, 2023

1. Valuation Gap Between SPY Cap Weighted and RSP Equal Weighted S&P is Widest Since Internet Bubble

This chart compares SPY cap-weighted S&P to equal weighting the sectors RSP…straight up 2023

©1999-2023 StockCharts.com All Rights Reserved


2. Flurry of IPO’s the Past Two Weeks are Top of Watch List

Barrons By Eric J. Savitz Recent IPO performance hasn’t helped matters. Goldman Sachs points out that the 2020-21 IPO class had “abysmal performance,” underperforming the Russell 3000 by 48 percentage points in the first 12 months after the IPOs. The worst performers are companies priced at more than 15 times sales, like Arm. Not a single IPO with that valuation level outperformed in the first two years, with an average return that’s 84 percentage points—yes, 84!—behind the market.

Factset IPO Dropoff

https://insight.factset.com/u.s.-ipo-activity-drops-dramatically-in-the-first-half-of-2022


3. MSCI China Stock Index Down $2 Trillion in Value


4. Homebuilders Need Land

Yahoo Finance Dani Romero  Lennar’s (LEN) CEO Stuart Miller warned about the next big headache for housing — land.

“We believe that the new supply of homes will be limited as developed land is scarce and increasingly more expensive to develop,” Miller said on the company’s quarter earnings call Friday after blowing past quarterly orders and raising its fourth quarter deliveries forecast. “This will continue to limit available inventory and maintain supply/demand imbalance.”

Homebuilders are hungry for land. Yet, the US, a country that offers wide open spaces, is short of land for housing. Builders like Lennar have been able to grow through acquisitions of companies with coveted land pipelines.

But buying land isn’t cheap. It can cost anywhere from a few thousand dollars per acre to tens of thousands of dollars for the lot, squeezing cash flows and balance sheets. That has prompted Lennar to hone in on its land strategy. https://finance.yahoo.com/news/lennar-reveals-the-next-big-headwind-for-housing-supply-121448525.html

LEN Pulling Back to 200-Day


5. American Dream Mall $3 Billion in Debt…One Idea Start Knocking Down Malls for Homes?

Zerohedge Owners the Ghermezian family were having trouble preventing the mall from “hemorrhaging cash”, according to Bloomberg at the time, who also noted that the family had already hired advisors to help restructure the project’s $3 billion in debt.

Lenders for the project, including J.P. Morgan, Goldman Sachs and Soros Fund Management, stood to face losses on about $1.7 billion in construction loans, we noted last summer. The project was carrying about $1.1 billion in municipal debt at the time.

Neil Shapiro, a New York real estate attorney, said of the project last year:“It’s been like watching a train wreck that goes on forever. There aren’t a lot of projects that lose at least $3 billion that we’re still talking about as projects.”

The financial difficulties plaguing the mall serve as a cautionary tale about the dangers of over-leveraging that we believe we are going to see over and over again as the Fed maintains its tight grip on the gears of the economy, via its “higher for longer” stance. 

https://www.zerohedge.com/markets/american-dream-megamall-sees-losses-quadruple-245-million


6. Saudis Have 6 Different $1 Trillion Projects Under Construction

https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/7/25/saudi-arabia-to-build-1tr-mirrored-skyscraper-in-neom


7. Norway Sovereign Wealth Fund $1.4 Trillion


8. Office Vacancy in China

WSJ


9. Obesity in America

Barrons By Josh Nathan-Kazis That means a potentially monumental tab for insurers: By 2030, J.P. Morgan analysts expect the amount spent on GLP-1 obesity treatments in the U.S. to be about $50 billion, or a tenth of the $421 billion spent on outpatient drugs in the U.S. in 2021.

Of course, curbing obesity would have the potential to save the healthcare system a lot of money. A recent USC Schaeffer paper argued that Medicare coverage of obesity medicines would save the program more than $700 billion over 30 years. But those savings, if they do materialize, won’t do much to mitigate the shorter-term crisis.

https://www.barrons.com/articles/wegovy-ozempic-obesity-drugs-healthcare-system-20307eea?mod=past_editions


10. A Massive Study Reveals the Only Habit You Can Adopt That’s Linked to Intelligence and Cognitive Ability

Fortunately, the key isn’t who you are, or how you’re wired. The key is what you do.

BY JEFF HADEN, CONTRIBUTING EDITOR, INC.@JEFF_HADEN

   Are personality and intelligence linked? Plenty of people think so.

A friend is convinced that seemingly disorganized people — messy desk, workshop, workspace, whatever — are the most creative. Another believes — maybe because he admittedly embodies it — the trope of the genius who sometimes treats people poorly because they’re so smart. (Steve Jobs, maybe?) Another thinks highly intelligent people tend to be less happy because they’re tormented by bigger-picture concerns; to him, “happy” must mean “simple.”

Science says they’re wrong.

For example, take the seemingly inverse relationship between intelligence and happiness: Research shows levels of happiness are lowest in the lowest IQ groups and highest in the highest IQ groups. (I don’t know my IQ; since it’s bound to be low, my ignorance is bliss.) The same is true for the stereotypical moody genius, as research shows “negative emotionality” is a strong predictor of lower intelligence.

So what are some science-relationships between personality and intelligence? Let’s start by defining personality and intelligence:

·         Personality is how you think, feel, and act. (Think the Big 5 independent traits: neuroticism, extroversion, conscientiousness, openness, and agreeableness.)

·         Intelligence is your ability to understand and apply information. Some cognitive abilities are acquired, like learning to read financial statements. Others are at least somewhat more innate, like the ability to match patterns. (Which of course is an ability that can also be acquired.)

Turns out there are plenty of links between personality and intelligence, but they tend to be more nuanced. According to a meta-analysis of over 1,300 studies that involved millions of people, openness — not “I’ll tell you all my secrets” but a willingness to engage and explore new experiences, ideas, information, etc. — is the only personality trait with a substantial correlation to intelligence.

Otherwise, the “big” links aren’t really linked. That messy desk doesn’t mean you’re more creative. Then again, it could: While conscientiousness is linked to higher cognitive ability, “routine-seeking” predicts lower intelligence.

Extroversion has almost no correlation to intelligence, although being more sociable does have a negative relationship to some cognitive abilities; as other research shows, the most intelligent people tend to love spending time alone.

Which leads to the real point.

If you hope to get smarter — and who doesn’t? — don’t feel limited by your personality. And don’t try to change your personality. You don’t need to be more or less extroverted, more or less neurotic, more or less agreeable, etc.

You should just try to be more open to new ideas, new information, and new experiences.

As Jeff Bezos says:

The smartest people are constantly revising their understanding, reconsidering a problem they thought they’d already solved. They’re open to new points of view, new information, new ideas, contradictions, and challenges to their own way of thinking.

Science backs him up. A series of experiments published by Harvard Business Review show that while changing your mind might make you seem less smart, changing your mind is actually smarter. For example, entrepreneurs who adapted, revised, and changed their positions during a pitch competition were six times more likely to win the competition.

The next time you question your intelligence, think about how often you’ve changed your mind in recent days.

If the answer is “not often,” you’re likely not as open as you could be.

Instead, take Thinking, Fast and Slow author Daniel Kahneman’s approach. As Kahneman says, “No one enjoys being wrong, but I do enjoy having been wrong, because it means I am now less wrong than I was before.”

Because wisdom isn’t found in certainty. Wisdom is knowing that while you might know a lot, there’s also a lot you don’t know. Wisdom is trying to find out what is right rather than trying to be right.

Want to be more open? Don’t be afraid to be wrong. Don’t be afraid to admit you don’t have all the answers. Don’t be afraid to say “I think” instead of “I know.”

As Adam Grant writes in Think Again, “Arrogance leaves us blind to our weaknesses. Humility is a reflective lens: it helps us see them clearly. Confident humility is a corrective lens: it enables us to overcome those weaknesses.”

In short, you and I already know what we know. What we don’t know is what other people know.

At least not yet.

A Massive Study Reveals the Only Habit You Can Adopt That’s Linked to Intelligence and Cognitive Ability | Inc.com

Topley’s Top 10 – September 22, 2023

1. XLK-Tech ETF -Arrows Show Two Lower Highs.

$162 print breaks double bottom.


2. Semiconductor ETF Breaks Thru Support Line.


3. 10 Year Yields Just Getting Back to Long-Term Trend.

Jim Reid Deutsche Bank Overnight a major milestone was reached. 10yr US government yields hit their long-term average yield (since 1790) of 4.5% for the first time since 2007.  In some ways this could be seen as a concern, since we’re “only” now at normal historical levels, despite the fact inflation is still elevated and record peacetime deficits are predicted for the rest of your careers however old you are. The good news is that at least value has returned. It’s going to be much more difficult for longer-term investors to lose money in Treasuries now than it was for most of the last decade in both nominal, and to a lesser degree, real terms.So a challenging set up for Treasuries in the years ahead but the price is at least now reasonable if history is your guide.


4. Timing Impact of Higher Rates.

The Daily Shot Brief The United States: According to Oxford Economics, the maximum impact of the Fed’s tightening will be felt over the next couple of quarters

https://dailyshotbrief.com/


5. Mutual Fund Flows for 2023…Money Markets Dominate.

Irrelevant Investor Blog

 

https://theirrelevantinvestor.com/2023/09/20/animal-spirits-americans-love-borrowing-money/


6. Zero Coupon 25 Year Bond -60%.


7. REIT ETF Turns Back-Down.


8. Personal Income and Profits.

Jack Ablin Cresset The cumulative growth in incomes and profits underscores that trend. Between 1983 and 2002, the cumulative growth in profits and personal income moved in lockstep. Though the financial crisis crushed profits, since 2009 corporate profit growth has run substantially ahead of personal income. Artificially low interest rates were partially to blame, but a significant portion of the profit advantage was the result of a greater share of productivity gains gravitating to the bottom line. Over the last 20 years, cumulative wage growth among unionized, goods-producing workers expanded 60 per cent. Adjusted for inflation, however, their wages contracted three per cent in the interim. Adjusted for inflation and productivity, their compensation plunged 30 per cent.

https://cressetcapital.com/


9. US finalizes rules to prevent China from benefiting from $52 billion in chips funding.

By David Shepardson

Flags of China and U.S. are displayed on a printed circuit board with semiconductor chips, in this illustration picture taken February 17, 2023. REUTERS/Florence Lo/Illustration/File Photo Acquire Licensing Rights

WASHINGTON, Sept 22 (Reuters) – The U.S. Commerce Department on Friday is issuing final rules to prevent semiconductor manufacturing subsidies from being used by China and other countries deemed to pose American national security concerns.

The regulation is the final hurdle before the Biden administration can begin awarding $39 billion in subsidies for semiconductor production. The landmark “Chips and Science” law provides $52.7 billion for U.S. semiconductor production, research and workforce development.

The regulation, first proposed in March, sets “guardrails” by limiting recipients of U.S. funding from investing in expanding semiconductor manufacturing in foreign countries of concern like China and Russia, and limits recipients of incentive funds from engaging in joint research or technology licensing efforts with foreign entities of concern 

https://www.reuters.com/technology/us-finalizes-rules-prevent-china-benefiting-52-bln-chips-funding-2023-09-22/


10. The top teacher burnout statistics of 2023.

  • K-12 teachers are the #1 most burnt-out profession in The United States
  • 44% of teachers in K-12 school report often or always feeling burnout
  • 90% of teachers claim that feeling burnt out is a serious problem
  • Over half of teachers say they will leave teaching sooner than originally planned
  • There are 500,000+ fewer educators in the American public school systems post-pandemic
  • 44% of public schools posted teaching vacancies in early 2022
  • 43% of educator job postings are going unfilled
  • 30% of teachers were found to be chronically absent
  • Compensation is the #1 reason educators plan to quit their jobs

https://www.devlinpeck.com/content/teacher-burnout-statistics

Topley’s Top 10 – September 21, 2023

1. Two Charts to Watch…..CART and ARM IPOs this Week Giving Back Gains Fast

Instacart Highs were Over $40

ARM High was Over $65


2. SMH-Semiconductor ETF Clear Support Line at $140 Level

Blue trendline in danger of being penetrated on a $140 print.


3. NVDA -16% Correction Off Highs….Trades Back Down to Summer Support Levels


4. Commodities Charts Holding Up in Long-Term Trend Charts


5. Rising Rates Make Big Companies Even Richer

The amount companies earn from cash in the bank is going up even as interest costs fixed during the pandemic stand still WSJ By James Mackintosh The winners from higher rates were high-quality borrowers, who locked in low interest rates around the pandemic with bonds maturing further in the future than any time this century. Higher rates have little immediate impact on their borrowing costs—only affecting bonds when they are refinanced—while they earn more on their cash piles straight away.

https://www.wsj.com/economy/rising-rates-make-big-companies-even-richer-718eafce?mod=itp_wsj


6. Higher Rates Not Slowing Apollo Private Lending Arm

Bloomberg Apollo to Raise About $2.5 Billion to Lend in Private MarketsThe fund will add more cash to Apollo’s $50 billion of assets under management in direct lending. AOP II will have similar targets as the first generation of the fund, which focused on large corporate borrowers — firms that generate in excess of $100 million EBITDA — primarily in North America and Western Europe, according to an August press release.

https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2023-09-20/apollo-to-raise-about-2-5-billion-to-lend-in-private-markets?srnd=premium&sref=GGda9y2L

APO chart 46% YTD


7. Quantum Tech Venture Investment Summary

https://thequantuminsider.com/2023/02/17/quantum-technology-2022-investment-update-key-trends-and-players/


8. China Debt Ratio

Vanguard

Vanguard’s perspective on China’s challenging economy


9. Single-Home Rent Prices Still Rising


10. INC Colorado Coach Deion Sanders Keeps Repeating the Same Word Over and Over. It’s a Lesson in Emotional Intelligence

Deion Sanders and the Colorado Buffaloes believe–and it’s leading them to accomplish some amazing things.

BY JUSTIN BARISO, AUTHOR, EQ APPLIED@JUSTINJBARISO

Colorado Buffaloes head coach Deion Sanders in Fort Worth. Photo: Getty Images

They believe.

That’s what Colorado head coach Deion Sanders said about his team after the Buffaloes won a nail-biting, double-overtime thriller against in-state rivals Colorado State. Sanders had called the game “personal,” after Colorado State coach Jay Norvell took a dig last week at Sanders’s penchant for wearing a hat and sunglasses during interviews.

The phrase “we believe” has quickly become the Buffaloes’ rallying cry.

A couple of weeks ago, after the Buffaloes upset a highly respected TCU team in their season-opening win, Sanders confronted a reporter he claimed had written a disparaging report about the Buffaloes.

“You believe now?” Sanders asked, with a huge smile on his face.

And earlier this week, in an appearance on the popular ESPN talk show First Take, Sanders invoked the word over and over again in the course of 30 seconds:

“We believe.”

“We just believe … “

“We truly believe … “

“We just truly believe.”

Before you dismiss Sanders’s use of the phrase as pure hype, consider that there’s actually a firm foundation for using this type of speech to motivate others, and it’s rooted in the science of emotional intelligence.

Here’s a breakdown of the power of belief, and how you can use it to help you run your business and your life. (If you find value in this lesson, you might be interested in my free course, which teaches you how to build emotional intelligence in yourself and your team.)

Want to get the most out of others? Make them believe

For decades, research has indicated that teachers, mentors, and coaches who focus on nurturing students and highlighting their potential get better results.

“Today, we have compelling evidence that interest precedes the development of talent,” writes psychology professor Adam Grant in his best-selling book Give and Take. “It turns out that motivation is the reason that people develop talent in the first place.”

To illustrate, Grant cites a classic study led by Harvard psychologist Robert Rosenthal.

Rosenthal teamed up with Lenore Jacobson, an elementary school principal. Students from 18 classrooms, ranging from kindergarten through fifth grade, were all given a “Harvard cognitive ability test.” The test measured verbal and reasoning skills deemed critical to learning and problem-solving.

Afterward, Rosenthal and Jacobson shared the test results with teachers: About 20 percent of the students had shown potential for making “unusual intellectual gains” in the next year. Armed with the knowledge that their students had such high potential, teachers set high expectations for their success.

In turn, the students also believed they had high potential, and they delivered: When those students took the test a year later, they had improved more than fellow students–their IQ points rose at greater rates, and they were still outgaining classmates two years later.

But there’s one very interesting detail to this story: The students labeled as high potential didn’t really score higher on the test. Rosenthal chose them at random.

“The study was designed to find out what happened to students when teachers believed they had high potential,” writes Grant. “Rosenthal randomly selected 20 percent of the students in each classroom to be labeled as bloomers, and the other 80 percent were a control group. The bloomers weren’t any smarter than their peers–the difference ‘was in the mind of the teacher.'”

In other words, the teachers’ expectations helped create self-fulfilling prophecies.

Sanders, who is also known as Coach Prime (a nod to the nickname “Primetime” from his NFL playing days), seems to be doing the same at Colorado. Yes, the kids he coaches have talent. But so do the players at the opposing schools Colorado has faced so far this season.

Yet Colorado is undefeated so far, despite playing higher-ranked opponents the first two games and falling far behind in their third game. Much of the Buffaloes’ success could be attributed to the sky-high confidence their coach has infused them with.

So, how can you apply this principle to your business, or even your personal life?

Many of the people under your care won’t possess the inherent belief that they’re “good” at something. Many lack self-confidence. They’ve been scarred by the way they’ve been trained to see their own performance, or by perceived failures at work or in life.

You can help change that.

When you focus on your people’s strengths, you motivate them. When you nurture their potential, you help them become the best version of themselves.

Train yourself to see the good in others by asking yourself the following questions:

  • What are they good at?
  • How can I praise them for what they’re good at, sincerely and specifically?
  • How can I help them leverage those strengths further?
  • How can I help them improve their weaknesses through constructive feedback?

Remember, as a leader, you are in a unique position to inspire and motivate those you work with. If you believe, they will too.

Because whether or not you like Coach Prime or his team, you have to admit:

The Colorado Buffaloes believe. And that belief has them doing some extraordinary things.

Colorado Coach Deion Sanders Keeps Repeating the Same Word Over and Over. It’s a Lesson in Emotional Intelligence | Inc.com

Topley’s Top 10 – September 20, 2023

1. Lowest Percentage of Stocks Outperforming the S&P in 10 Years


2. 30-Year Treasury…Next Resistance 4.75%

30-Year Treasury Broke Above Down Trend Line Going Back to 1983

www.stockcharts.com


3. Recessions Less Frequent Since 1982

Jim Reid Deutsche Bank As today’s CoTD shows, recessions have generally got much rarer through time, especially since 1982. Since then the US, Germany and France have only seen 4, whilst the UK and Canada have only seen only 3. The 4 US recessions of the last 40 years contrasts with the 9 recessions in the prior 40 years and 10 over the previous 40 years, both much higher growth periods. Since 1982, the average US expansion has lasted 8.6 years and only 8% of that time has been spent in recession. Before 1982, the average was 2.8 years and 35% respectively. Europe had a long period (25-30 years depending on country) without a recession post-WWII but that was largely a growth catch-up with all the rebuilding after the conflict rather than a structural shift. In this period, the US saw 4 recessions.


4. XRT Retail Shoppers ETF Chopping Sideways…Now higher gas and higher rates?


5. AMZN vs. XRT Retail ETF……Breaks Out to New Highs


6. Homebuilders Rally Right Back to 2021 High then Pause


7. 15% of Home-Purchase Agreements Cancelled


8. History of Soft Landing Calls

The Daily Shot Brief The United States: Increased talk of a “soft landing” tends to precede a recession.

Source: @AnnaEconomist, @economicsRead full article

https://dailyshotbrief.com/


9. Leverage-Loans Holding Up Well

WSJ By Sam GoldfarbIt is one of the biggest surprises on Wall Street: the outsize performance of risky corporate loans.  Since the start of last year through Monday, loans backed by companies including PetSmart and  in the Morningstar LSTA U.S. Leveraged Loan Index delivered a return of 9.4%, buoyed by higher interest rates and a resilient economy. Investment-grade bonds lost 13% in that time, counting price changes and interest payments, while the S&P 500 lost 3.9%.

Few investments have been as maligned as leveraged loans, the low-rated debt often used to fund private-equity company buyouts. When the Federal Reserve started aggressively raising rates last year, many analysts warned that these loans were vulnerable because their rates rise and fall with those set by the central bank.

https://www.wsj.com/finance/investing/the-market-beating-investment-thats-defying-wall-street-skeptics-149e334c?st=f199rposig5g1sd&reflink=desktopwebshare_permalink


10. Share of Children Earning More That Their Parrent—Professor Galloway Blog

No Mercy No Malice BLOG  Ground zero for many of the biggest challenges facing America can be traced to one core problem: For the first time in our nation’s history, 30-year-olds aren’t doing as well as their parents were at 30.

https://www.profgalloway.com/searching_for_a_breakup/

Topley’s Top 10 – September 19, 2023

1. Oil Service Stocks +50% in 2 Years…New Highs

Marketwatch https://www.marketwatch.com/investing/fund/oih/holdings


2. Concentrated Stock Portfolios and Volatility

It takes 24 stocks to reduce portfolio volatility to within 10% of the market volatility over the last five years, according to calculations from quantitative strategists at UBS. They ran similar tests going back to 2009, and found 28 was the median number that brought portfolio volatility to within 10% of the market’s. Granted, UBS tested stocks were picked randomly and without regards to a diversification aim.Marketwatch By Steve Goldstein

The chart

https://www.marketwatch.com/story/this-hot-sector-is-producing-returns-like-nvidias-and-its-got-nothing-to-do-with-ai-3f899283?mod=home-page


3. Consumer Balance Sheets Now vs. 2007


4. S&P 500 Index Longest Streak Without 1.5% Down Day Since 2018


5. Tesla vs. GM Chart Making a Run at Previous Highs

Tesla huge outperformance vs. F/GM this year


6. Crypto $54 Million in Outflows Last Week..80% Bitcoin

Bloomberg By Teresa Xie  Despite wins against the US Securities and Exchange Commission and new Bitcoin ETF filings, investors withdrew nearly half a billion dollars from cryptocurrency products over the last nine weeks.  The crypto market saw outflows totaling $54 million last week, making it the fifth consecutive week of selloffs, according to a new report by CoinShares. Bitcoin comprised 85% of outflows, reaching $45 million.  “A lot of investors are concerned that the crypto market has seen some good news in recent months and it has not helped the Bitcoin and others to rally at all,” Matt Maley, chief market strategist at Miller Tabak + Co., said in an email. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2023-09-18/crypto-funds-see-almost-500-million-in-outflows-over-nine-weeks?srnd=premium&sref=GGda9y2L


7. Planet Fitness Breaks Thru 2021-2022 Lows

Post-Covid favorite PLNT breaks below October 2022 lows


8. Top Ten Cities for Airbnbs

Everviz Blog

https://www.everviz.com/blog/the-10-cities-with-the-most-airbnbs/


9. 49.5M Rental Properties in U.S.

Mom and Pop Business Owners’ Day: Landlords of Small Rental Properties

By: Nadia Evangelou  While March 29 is designated as Mom and Pop Business Owners’ Day, let’s take a look at some facts about mom-and-pop landlords and small rental properties. In real estate, mom-and-pops are owners of small rental properties (1-4 units), and they do the day-to-day management of these properties. But being a mom-and-pop landlord can be challenging, especially when someone is starting out and doing everything from evaluating and purchasing rental properties, finding and screening tenants, collecting rents, keeping the books, dealing with taxes, observing local laws, and performing routine maintenance and repairs.

Among 49.5 million rental housing units in the U.S., nearly 46% of them are small rental properties of 1-4 units. Over 70% of the small rental properties (1-4 units) are owned by individuals, and about 70% are managed by the same owners, defined as mom-and-pop landlords.  https://www.nar.realtor/blogs/economists-outlook/mom-and-pop-business-owners-day-landlords-of-small-rental-properties

https://www.rclco.com/publication/prea-quarterly-single-family-rental-housing-institutional-opportunities/


10. Nearly 100 Years Ago, This Philosopher Explained the Secret of Happiness in Just 35 Words (Modern Science Agrees)

BY JESSICA STILLMAN, CONTRIBUTOR, INC.COM@ENTRYLEVELREBEL

Many millions of words have been written on how to be happy, which is both a blessing and a curse. If you’re an entrepreneur in the market for tips, there certainly is no shortage of suggestions from everyone from scientists to billionaires to Albert Einstein. But who has time to wade through thousands of articles? And which of the many ideas out there should you try first?

What you need to get started is condensed and easily applicable advice from someone who knows what they’re talking about. A quote from British philosopher Bertrand Russell fills the bill, and better yet, his suggestion is backed by modern research. 

The secret of happiness in just 35 words? 

Russell was a celebrated mathematician and philosopher who died back in 1970 at the age of nearly 100. He’s the source of many popular quotes, which writer Thomas Oppong recently rounded up on Medium. If you’re looking for a reminder of the downsides of materialism, the value of intellectual humility, or the high chance worrying what others think of you will lead to regret, then it’s well worth a quick read. 

But one quote from Russell’s 1930 book The Conquest of Happiness struck me in particular as packing a whole lot of profundity into just 35 words: “The secret of happiness is this: Let your interest be as wide as possible and let your reactions to the things and persons who interest you be as far as possible friendly rather than hostile.”

As Russell explains in the book, the world is huge and we are small. You’ll never have enough time for everything you want to do in your limited years. That truth could bring despair if you constantly fight against it. Instead of struggling, he advises you pick interests that captivate you (his very personal examples are “the Council of Trent, or the life history of stars,” but football or knitting would do just as well) and get lost in exploring them. This way you can temporarily slip the constraints of time and find momentary happiness. 

In short, practice openness and get some hobbies or interests. Then use them to find flow. It’s a simple enough prescription, but it’s actually one that’s backed by modern science. 

Modern research agrees

Openness has been linked by research not only to creativity and intelligence, but also to slower mental aging. Being open to new experiences seems to help keep the mind young. So, science certainly has found benefits to being friendly rather than hostile to new people, interests, and ideas. And should that initial curiosity develop into a hobby or interest of some sort, so much the better. 

A stack of studies shows that having diverse interests helps us develop a broader sense of self. You’re not just an entrepreneur and a dad, for instance, you’re also a bowling league champion, a surfer, or a sourdough master. Which means that whenever we run into difficulties in one of these areas of life, we can draw strength and confidence from others. When business is rocky, the surfing waves might be rocking.

Not only are hobbies and interests a resilience booster and a stress killer, they also help us enter a state of flow. This is that feeling you get when you’re doing something you genuinely enjoy and lose all sense of time. Psychologists have identified flow as a sure route to happiness — when you’re deeply absorbed in an activity, you are not fretting about the future or the past. 

All of which suggests Russell may have identified at least one secret of happiness (there are others). Exploring the world with a sense of wonder, developing a portfolio of interests and identities, and allowing yourself to get lost in them regularly is the kind of happiness advice just about anyone can implement. Nothing can make life less fleeting, or remove all stress from our lives. But this science-backed prescription certainly seems like it could help you squeeze more joy from your good days — and buffer you some against the bad ones.  Nearly 100 Years Ago, This Philosopher Explained the Secret of Happiness in Just 35 Words (Modern Science Agrees) | Inc.com